Free Circuit Diagram

By detecting a voltage drop in resistor connected in series with the battery, we can measure the current flowing in or out  of the battery. A simple differential amplifier do that, but we need both positive supply and negative supply to sense the current in both direction,  the current when charging and discharging the battery. [...]

All of the necessary circuitry to optimally control the charge and hold cycle for sealed lead acid battery can be implemented using  UC2906 series of battery charger controllers.  These integrated circuits monitor and control both the output voltage and current of the charger through three separate charge states; a high current bulk-charge state, a controlled [...]

This circuit provide automatic current limiting up to 8.4A. Unlike current limiter that uses only a resistor, this current limiting circuit doesn’t drop the voltage, or at least keep the voltage drop at minimum, until a certain current amount is exceeded. This current amount limit is adjustable from 1.4 A to 8.4A using a [...]

This current sensing circuit sense the current at the high side (between positive supply and load). This circuit take the benefit of the microampere supply current and Rail-to-Rail input of the LT1494 op-amp. Here is the schematic diagram of the circuit: Look at the op-amp, the inverting input is connected directly to the [...]

Thermocouples give many benefits compared to thermistor/RTD (Resistance Temperature Devices).  Some advantages of thermocouple are their wider temperature range, their reliability, and their consistency over long period of time. In some cases,  thermocouple calibration  is even unnecessary. Thermocouple temperature sensors are widely used in temperature controllers for boilers, oven,  pressurized reactor, even in high temperature [...]

In application that demand for high current, Nicad (NiCd) rechargeable battery still has the unbeatable performance compared to NiMH and Lithium battery. The charger circuit here is smart in the way it handle the wrong polarity of the battery placement. The core of this battery charger circuit is the Q2, configured a constant [...]