Free Circuit Diagram

Notch filter is known as band-cut filter or band-reject filter. The fuction of this filter is to remove some frequency portion of a signal. The schematic diagram of this filter circuit, a second order notch filter is depicted in the figure below. The formula is actually complicated, but by taking the R3=R4 and [...]

Using a single supply quad comparator LM339, LM239, LM2901, LM2901V, NCV2901, or MC3302, we can build a square-wave oscillator with simple circuit and formula. Here is the schematic diagram: This circuit is suitable if you need  many square-wave oscillators in one circuit, since the quad packaged comparator provide four comparators in one single  [...]

Octave shifting or frequency doubling effect for electric guitar is done by rectifying the original signal, just like AC to DC conversion inside your AC-DC power supply adapter. The circuit for this audio effect is not new, I’ve seen it on many publications. Here I present the circuit’s schematic diagram, but I’ve redesigned the circuit [...]

The excellent high input impedance, high slew rate, and high voltage qualities of CA3140 op-amp make it suitable for Wien-bridge sine wave oscillator. The basic circuit for Wien-bridge sine wave oscillator is shown in the figure below (the upper part). You can see the formula in the figure, when R1=R2=R, and C1=C2=C, then the formula [...]

The simple low-pass filter is shown in Figure below. The filter has a 20dB/decade roll-off after its corner frequency fc. Its low-pass frequency gain (f->0) is defined by R3/R1. This allows low-frequency gains other than unity to be obtained.  R2 should be chosen equal to the parallel combination of R1 and R3 to minimize error [...]

Thermoelectric cooler (TEC) or Peltier cooler is becoming popular because of its robustness and maintenance free characteristic. Here is one example of a linear thermoelectric cooler (TEC) driver circuit. This driver  is capable of delivering ±2A into a TEC. This circuit operates on a single +5V supply and drives the TEC in the most preferred [...]