Free Circuit Diagram

Notch filter is known as band-cut filter or band-reject filter. The fuction of this filter is to remove some frequency portion of a signal. The schematic diagram of this filter circuit, a second order notch filter is depicted in the figure below. The formula is actually complicated, but by taking the R3=R4 and [...]

This SMPS AC-DC converter gives good efficiency. Test data shows efficiency of 83.2% at 115 Vac input and 6A output current, and 85.4% at 230 Vac input and 6A output current. Moreover, the input voltage range is universal, accommodating 92 to 276 Vac variation with only 24 mV change in the output voltage. Here is [...]

Using a single supply quad comparator LM339, LM239, LM2901, LM2901V, NCV2901, or MC3302, we can build a square-wave oscillator with simple circuit and formula. Here is the schematic diagram: This circuit is suitable if you need  many square-wave oscillators in one circuit, since the quad packaged comparator provide four comparators in one single  [...]

The excellent high input impedance, high slew rate, and high voltage qualities of CA3140 op-amp make it suitable for Wien-bridge sine wave oscillator. The basic circuit for Wien-bridge sine wave oscillator is shown in the figure below (the upper part). You can see the formula in the figure, when R1=R2=R, and C1=C2=C, then the formula [...]

This constant current constant voltage  SMPS can be used to efficiently charge a battery. This circuit gives 7.2V at constant voltage mode, and 600 mA at constant current mode. Here is the schematic diagram of the circuit: The mechanism is simple, when the load impedance is high, then the output voltage will be [...]

The simple low-pass filter is shown in Figure below. The filter has a 20dB/decade roll-off after its corner frequency fc. Its low-pass frequency gain (f->0) is defined by R3/R1. This allows low-frequency gains other than unity to be obtained.  R2 should be chosen equal to the parallel combination of R1 and R3 to minimize error [...]