10-Band Graphic Equalizer Using Gyrator Circuit

Graphic equalizer is a filter which it’s overal frequency response can be adjusted easily by sliding the potentiometer knob, and the potentiometer’s knob positions will naturally mimic the frequency response of the filter, and this is very user friendly. Many methods have been developed by electronic engineers to make audio equalizer, such as Baxandall’s type and Gyrators emulation type. Here […]

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Second Order Butterworth Low-Pass Filter

A second order filters can be constructed using LC (inductor-capacitor) passive circuits,  and they have been implemented for radio frequency for cheap and simplicity. For audio frequency range, unfortunately the size for the inductor and capacitor become too large, space consuming, and the most important is they’re really expensive. Because of this, active filter is commonly used for audio application. […]

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