Battery Current Monitor Circuit, A Single Supply Operation
By detecting a voltage drop in resistor connected in series with the battery, we can measure the current flowing in or out of the battery. A simple differential amplifier do that, but we need both positive supply and negative supply to sense the current in both direction, the current when charging and discharging the battery. We can use a single supply by separating the circuit for each direction like shown in this circuit:

[Source: Linear Technology Application Notes]
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