High Frequency Colpitts Crystal Oscillator

Op-amps has been widely used in low frequency oscillator (frequency <= 100kHz), but we can actually use it for high frequency crystal oscillator as long as we have an op-amp with the proper bandwidth. An excellent gain stages can be implemented using LT1190 and LT1191 op-amps. Here is the schematic diagram of the circuit: Two Schottky diodes is employed to […]

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Low Noise Audio Line driver

LT1206 has been naturally selected as the components for video application since it has suitable bandwidth and output derive capability. This high performance features  is not only suitable for video application, but also make it definitely suitable for audio application. The schematic diagram shows the LT1206 combined with the LT1115 low distortion,  very low noise audio buffer with a gain […]

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Computer-Controlled 4-20mA Current Loop

Computer-controlled 4-20mA current loop is useful to control some industrial equipments.  By current loop, transmitting the signal over long distant should be resistant from noise interference. This  computer-controlled 4 – 20mA is designed to operate on a single supply over a range of 3.3V to 30V.  The zero reference of 4 mA is set by R1 and calibrated using R2.  […]

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Humidity Sensor

Introduction Interfacing humidity sensor can be difficult because of the sensor’s drive requirement and their wide dynamic range.  We can customize the circuit to obtain reasonable accuracy within the chosen range by carefully selecting the devices that comprise the analog front end. Here  we present a case study to design analog signal conditioner for Phys-Chem Scientific Corp.1 model EMD-200o humidity […]

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Frequency Synthesizer

A PLL system can be used to build a frequency-selective frequency multiplier by inserting a frequency divider inside the feedback path between the VCO output and the phase error detector input. Here is the schematic diagram of a low-frequency synthesizer with a programmable three decades divider circuit. The frequency-divider modulus N can vary from 3 to 999, in single steps […]

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Hydrophone Pre-Amplifier

Hydrophone is similar with microphone, except that it is used in underwater environment. Off course a hydrophone can be used to pick up sound in air, but it will be less sensitive since it’s mechanical-acoustical properties is design to match the acoustical impedance of water. The schematic shows the circuit of a low noise hydrophone amplifier with DC-servo.  One half […]

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Barometer Signal Conditioner

The schematic diagram below show a complete barometric pressure signal conditioner that operates from a single 1.5V battery. We can get the best accuracy and stability if we use bonded strain gauge and capacitive-based transducer,  but they are expensive.  This design introduce a new type of semiconductor transducer that achieves 0.01″ Hg (inches of mercury) uncertainty over time and temperature.  […]

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