Discrete Running (chasing) Flashing LEDs

This is Discrete Running LEDs circuit. This circuit gives a chasing pattern like the running LEDs display in video shops. Here is the schematic diagram of the circuit:

When the power is applied to this circuit, all transistors will try to come on at the same time. However, some will get a different turn-on current because of the exact value of the 22u electrolytics, and some will be faster due to their internal characteristics. The circuit start reliably because of the last 22u that delay the voltage-rise to the base of the first transistor. This circuit can be extended to any number of odd stages.