Free electronic circuit design and schematic diagram
Ni Cad batteries can be charged at high current rates because it allows short charge time. But, it has difficulty in operations such as excessive internal heating degrades the batteries and can cause gas venting to the outside atmosphere. Because cell voltage is not necessarily indicative of the charge state of the battery , schemes based on monitoring cell voltage […]
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Four phase drive signals for two phase bipolar and four phase unipolar step motors in microcomputer-controlled application is easily implemented using L29 Stepper Motor Controller IC. We can drive the motor in half step, normal and wave drives mode and switch-mode control of the current in the windings is permuted on chip PWM chopper circuits. This device has some features […]
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The figures below show us about amplifiers for photoconductive (top), photodiode (mid) and photovoltaic cells (bottom). Some voltage dependence of both speed and linearity is displayed by all photogenerators. If the cell terminal voltage is allowed to vary with cell conductance, the current through a photoconductive cell will not display strict proportionality to incident light. Functions of terminal voltages are […]
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The MAX932 monitoring an input voltage in two steps figure is shown below. The outputs are high when Vin is higher than the LOW and FAIL thresholds. The calculation of threshold are the same to those for the window-detector application [Source: MAXIM Application Note]
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A circuit to shift from bipolar +-5V inputs to TTL signals is shown on circuit diagram below. The comparator inputs is protected by 10Kohm resistors and this is do not affect the circuit operation. [Source: MAXIM Application Note]
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The MAX931 series has capability to produce high output source which is useful for driving LEDs. The circuit below shows an example of simple four-stage level detector. Vin=(R1R2)/R1 volts gives the full-scale threshold (all LEDs on). The other thresholds are at 1/4 full scale, 1/2 full scale, and 3/4 full scale. The current into the LEDs is limited by the […]
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The OPA2544 is a dual high-voltage/high-current operational amplifier. We can use it for driving a wide variety of high power loads. 2A output current is provided by this device and power supply range extends to +-35V. Two high performance FET op amps with high power output stages are integrated in OPA2544 on a single monolithic chip. The amplifier and load […]
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