Basic Vox Circuit Controls PTT

They were missing a VOX if we are take a look at some of the budget priced HF transceiver. It would certainly be nice to have VOX capability although most of these budget priced transceivers performed admirably. The figure below show us a basic VOX circuit which will perform very well once the VOX level is set correctly. This is […]

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Digitally Controlled High Frequency VGA

Variable-gain amplifiers (VGAs) can be used in may types of systems, such as radio receivers. In this system, the input signal voltage depends on an uncontrolled variable, such as distance to the transmitter. To ensure that the input signal amplitude matches the input voltage range of key components, such as ADCs and DACs, thereby maximizing the converter’s dynamic range, VGA […]

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Low Drop Linear LED Driver

Low efficiency and heat generation are the two biggest shortcomings of using linear regulators versus switching regulators for applications with high input/output voltage difference. These two things is used to prevent the usage of linear devices in many applications, specially in those with low power consumption requirements. However, the option of using linear LED drivers to address backlighting applications does […]

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PWM Speed Control with Forward-Reverse and Regenerative Braking

Figure below shows us a PWM Speed DC Motor Rotation circuit. This circuit has two functions, Forward-Reverse and Regenerative Braking function. On this circuit, we can control the speed of DC 12V motor with Power Mosfet IRF150 using a signal PWM. The Relay RY1 work as control Reverse with the digital alarm, change Q10. The Relay RY2 work as function […]

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Triangular-Wave Generator

The circuit diagram below shows a constant amplitude triangular-wave generator. A variable frequency triangular wave whose amplitude is independent of frequency is provided by this circuit. As a reset circuit, the generator embodies an integrator as a ramp generator and a threshold detector with hysteresis. There is no further explanation is needed because the integrator has been described in a […]

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