Free electronic circuit design and schematic diagram
White noise is a random signal (or process) with a flat power spectral density. In other words, the signal contains equal power within a fixed bandwidth at any center frequency. To measure and test a wide band communication circuit we can use this noise. But to build the generators we need more money. This article shows the cheaper way to […]
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Silicon pezoresitive-bridge pressure transducer (SPPT) is very popular in medical, industrial, environmental, and automotive pressure sensor application. The general architecture of SPPT uses a thin micromachined silicon diaphragm incorporates a implanted piezoresitive Wheatson-bridge strain-gauge. The transducer design allows only a small diaphragm deflection sin it has limited elasticity, and this produces only a very small output signal, only about 1% […]
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Photovoltaic transducers has been widely used in medical, consumer, scientific instrumentation, and industrial applications. Photovoltaic sensors is a solid-state devices and available for wide range of wavelength response, cover from infrared, visible, and ultraviolet spectrum. This characteristic make this type of transducer applicable in diverse jobs such as colorimetry, chemical spectral analysis, non-contact thermometry, non-invasive blood-gas monitoring, and flame detection. […]
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Autoranging is useful to extend the measurement range of an available ADC (analog-to-digital converter). Autoranging will best implemented for multiplexed input. LTC1257 is appropriate for system autoranging, adjusting an ADC’s full-scale range. During the conversion process, U2 and U3 receive the full and zero scale codes, respectively, that correspond to a selected multiplexer channel. For example, let channel 2’s span […]
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Introduction Interfacing humidity sensor can be difficult because of the sensor’s drive requirement and their wide dynamic range. We can customize the circuit to obtain reasonable accuracy within the chosen range by carefully selecting the devices that comprise the analog front end. Here we present a case study to design analog signal conditioner for Phys-Chem Scientific Corp.1 model EMD-200o humidity […]
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A PLL system can be used to build a frequency-selective frequency multiplier by inserting a frequency divider inside the feedback path between the VCO output and the phase error detector input. Here is the schematic diagram of a low-frequency synthesizer with a programmable three decades divider circuit. The frequency-divider modulus N can vary from 3 to 999, in single steps […]
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Hydrophone is similar with microphone, except that it is used in underwater environment. Off course a hydrophone can be used to pick up sound in air, but it will be less sensitive since it’s mechanical-acoustical properties is design to match the acoustical impedance of water. The schematic shows the circuit of a low noise hydrophone amplifier with DC-servo. One half […]
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